September 1st, 2010
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Between normality and abnormality there is a fine line that is based on personal opinions rather than having good reasons, where we may draw that line depends on how atypical, disturbing maladaptive and ingestible a persons behavior may be. Many people would agree that if someone who is too depressed to get out of bed for weeks at a time suffer a psychological disorder. Mental health workers label behavior psychological disordered when they judge it atypical, maladaptive and unjustifiable. In some cultures people behave in ways ( such as going out naked) that in other cultures would be against the law, resulting finally getting arrested.
In other cultures war, even mass killing may be viewed as heroic. One person’s homicidal terrorist is another person’s freedom fighter. Standards of acceptability also vary over time, sex experts William Acton and William Masters and Virginia Johnson all knew that some women have orgasms during intercourse while others don’t. For Acton orgasms was the disorder resulting from over stimulation. For Masters and Johnson, lack of orgasm was the disorder resulting from inadequate stimulation Almost three decades ago the American Psychiatric association dropped homosexuality as a disorder because it was no longer believed to be connected with psychological problems. Read more…
People study their minds everyday. They try to see what other people think about the things around them. They question who they are and where they come from. Theses are the most common psychological, and at the same time, philosophical ideas that people face in their everyday lives. Psychology and philosophy are connected to each other in which they both study human mind that is influenced by historical and cultural forces, and various perspectives through time; these will eventually help people get organized with their thoughts and mental disorders.
Psychology has its root in philosophy. For example, the idea of nurture has came form Plato, one of the Greek philosophers during 5th century B.C., who thought people are ‘blank slate’ at birth which can be changed to anything through their life time depending on the influence of surroundings. The two main philosophical influences on modern development of psychology are empiricism and positivism. Empiricism argues that humans should only measure data that is objectively observable. Positivism argues that the methods and principles of science should be applied to human behavior. These two ideas facilitate the development of psychology as a science. Therefore, it can be said that philosophy and psychology interact with each other while having the same root ideas. Read more…
Within the course of human history, many discoveries and inventions have impacted our view of the universe as well as the development of the human person. Some of these discoveries were unarguably necessary not only for the survival of the human species but also for its development and enhancement. For example, the discovery of fire was so necessary for the literal survival, protection, and advancement of homosapiens that it is doubtful that the survival of the species would have occurred in its absence.
Many primitive inventions as well have aided in the growth and migration of the species as well as our understanding of the material world around us. The invention of the wheel has undoubtedly made possible the migration of the species to the four corners of the world. Our development of the mirror has allowed the species to develop the telescope, which has greatly enhanced the study of and speculation in our expanding universe. Read more…
Psychology is an extremely vast topic and is broken down into many different perspectives. Two views of psychology that share similar ideas are Behaviorism and Cognitive Psychology. Behaviorism is based mostly on the idea of tabula rasa or “blank slate.” The theory behind Behaviorism is that everyone is shaped by their environment mentally to the greatest extent. Also that experiences mostly affect personality rather than genes. Cognitive psychology is perception of mental process in the broadest sense such as thinking, feeling, learning, remembering, making decisions and judgments.
Behaviorism and Cognitive psychology are both similar in the sense of theories being made based on observation rather than interpretation. A Russian physiologist named Ivan Pavlov conducted an experiment with a dog where he concluded that all behavior is learned in reaction to something in the environment. Cognitive experiments can include a number of things such as memory tests or even quick decision making. Read more…
His style is normally focused on the general public. The messages that he tends to create are for those people that have a concern for the world today, and how to make it a better place. In order to read the book, he made it so you would need at least a high school education. Most of the message portrayed in this book was for those that have an interest of the effect of the I.Q. score, and the judgment of if this is a valid to judge people on that basis. Through a personal opinion, I do feel as if the work is scholarly, and you can tell that the other has a strong background on psychology. He starts off the book in a narrative perspective and takes these narratives and forms an imaginative picture for the reader to obtain a clearer understanding of his message. He gives out points to his message, and than use real occurrences to support his point, theory or phenomenon, than he returns back to his theory and encourages the reader to believe what he says is true. In the word choice that he uses he tend to use a good variation of vocabulary, but he also tries not to go to over board, so that the book can be a clearer reading. Even though the book tend to drag in the beginning, as you follow through the reading it started to pick up the pace and give a more enjoyable pace towards the read.
His style of writing was more towards the popular psychology. He took instances and analyzed it. He tried to define why some occurrences followed a certain way supporting what he believes. The book itself was a non-fiction, self-help target, made to encourage a world of a higher intelligent view which you normally don’t obtain from school. Read more…
